Grade 4 · Light and Sound · Light, Sound, and Waves
Follow Light and Sound
Light and sound are forms of energy, but they travel differently. Their interactions with materials explain many familiar effects and technologies.
Visual model
See how the ideas connect
Describe key properties of light
Connect vibration to sound
Compare reflection absorption and refraction
Light, Sound, and Waves
For students
Notice, predict, explain
Choose one part of the model. Predict how it connects to another part, then use the lesson evidence to explain your thinking.
For teachers
Pause for science talk
Show the model before the explanation. Ask “What do you notice?” and “What might change?” Then revisit student ideas after the worked example.
The big idea
Materials can transmit, absorb, reflect, or change energy
Light travels in straight paths and can reflect, refract, or be absorbed. Sound begins with vibration and travels through a medium as a wave.
Work it through
Compare a mirror and a padded wall
- Step 1 A mirror reflects much of the light that reaches its smooth surface.
- Step 2 Clear glass transmits light and can refract it when the light changes direction entering or leaving the material.
- Step 3 A hard wall can reflect sound and produce an echo.
- Step 4 Soft, porous padding absorbs more sound energy and reduces reflections in a room.